BepiColombo
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| Artist’s concept of the BepiColombo spacecraft. Credit: Airbus Defense and Space |
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| Elements of the BepiColombo Mercury Composite Spacecraft. From bottom to top: the Mercury Transfer Module (MTM), Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO), Magnetospheric Orbiter Sunshield and Interface Structure (MOSIF), and Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO). The spacecraft are shown with solar arrays and instruments deployed. Credit: ESA/ATG medialab |
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| Artist's depiction of the BepiColombo mission, with the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (left) and Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (right) |
| Mission type | Planetary science |
|---|---|
| Operator | ESA · JAXA |
| Website | sci global |
| Mission duration | Planned: 7 years |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | Airbus · ISAS |
| Launch mass | 4,100 kg (9,040 lb)[1] |
| BOL mass | MPO: 1,230 kg (2,710 lb)[1] Mio: 255 kg (560 lb)[1] |
| Dry mass | 2,700 kg (5,950 lb)[1] |
| Dimensions | MPO: 2.4 × 2.2 × 1.7 m[1] (7.9 × 7.2 × 5.6 ft) Mio: 1.8 × 1.1 m[1] (5.9 × 3.6 ft) |
| Power | MPO: 150 W Mio: 90 W |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 20 October 2018, 01:45 UTC |
| Rocket | Ariane 5 ECA (VA245) |
| Launch site | Guiana Space Centre[2] |
| Contractor | Arianespace |
| Mercury orbiter | |
| Spacecraft component | Mercury Planetary Orbiter |
| Orbital insertion | Planned: 5 December 2025 |
| Orbit parameters | |
| Perihermion | 480 km (300 mi) |
| Apohermion | 1,500 km (930 mi) |
| Inclination | 90° |
| Mercury orbiter | |
| Spacecraft component | Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter |
| Orbital insertion | Planned: 5 December 2025 |
| Orbit parameters | |
| Perihermion | 590 km (370 mi) |
| Apohermion | 11,640 km (7,230 mi) |
| Inclination | 90° |
 ESA solar system insignia for BepiColombo | |
| Date | Mission event |
| October 2018 | Launch |
| 13 April 2020 | Earth flyby |
| 16 October 2020 | First Venus flyby |
| 11 August 2021 | Second Venus flyby |
| 2 October 2021 | First Mercury flyby |
| 23 June 2022 | Second Mercury flyby |
| 20 June 2023 | Third Mercury flyby |
| 5 September 2024 | Fourth Mercury flyby |
| 2 December 2024 | Fifth Mercury flyby |
| 9 January 2025 | Sixth Mercury flyby |
| 5 December 2025 | Arrival at Mercury |
| 14 March 2026 | MPO in final orbit |
| 1 May 2027 | End of nominal mission |
| 1 May 2028 | End of extended mission |
SPACECRAFT
The BepiColombo mission is based on two spacecraft: the ESA-led Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO), a three-axis stabilised and nadir pointing spacecraft with an instrument suite of 11 experiments and instruments, and the JAXA-led Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO), a spinning spacecraft carrying a payload of five experiments and instruments. A summary of the spacecraft characteristics is given in the table below.
| Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) | Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO) | |
| Stabilisation | 3-axis stabilised | 15-rpm spin-stabilised |
| Orientation | Nadir pointing | Spin axis at 90° to Sun |
| Orbit | Polar orbit, period of 2.3 h 480 × 1500 km | Polar orbit, period of 9.3 h 590 × 11 640 km |
| Spacecraft Mass | 4100 kg (at launch) 1150 kg (in Mercury orbit) | 275 kg (in Mercury orbit) |
| Payload Mass | 80 kg | 45 kg |
| Payload Power | 100-150 W | 90 W |
| TM band | X/Ka-band | X-band |
| Data volume (downlink) | 1550 Gbits/year | 160 Gbits/year |
| Equivalent average data rate | 50 kbits/s | 5 kbits/s |
| Antenna | High-temperature resistant 1.0 m X/Ka-band high-gain steerable antenna | 0.8 m X-band phased array high-gain antenna |
| Operational lifetime | > 1 year | > 1 year |
FLIGHT VA245: ARIANESPACE TO DELIVER BEPICOLOMBO, EUROPE’S FIRST MISSION TO MERCURY, FOR ESA AND JAXA
Launch
An Ariane 5 ECA, performing Arianespace mission VA245, boosted the joint ESA/JAXA BepiColumbo spacecraft pair into solar orbit from Kourou on October 20, 2018. Liftoff from ELA 3 took place at 01:45 UTC. The ESC-A upper stage performed a single 15 minute 51 second burn to push the 4,081 kg payload to a velocity relative to earth of about 10,155 meters/second (v_inertial 10.668) at a 1,449 km altitude (. Payload separation occurred 26 minutes 47 seconds after Vulcain 2 ignition.The Airbus Defence and Space built satellite is also called the Mercury Composite Spacecraft. It consists of the Mercury Transfer Module, the ESA-developed Mercury Planetary Orbiter, the JAXA-developed Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter, and the MMO Sunshield and Interface Structure.
BepiColombo will orbit the sun for seven years, flying by Earth once, Venus twice, and Mercury six times, before entering orbit around Mercury. It will be captured by Mercury's gravity in late 2025, after jettisoning its solar-electric thruster MTM. The spacecraft will then descend into orbit around Mercury using a chemical propulsion engine in the MPO. The MPO and MMO will separate into different elliptical polar orbits, the MMO at 590 x 11,640 km and MPO at 480 x 1,500 km.
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BepiColombo Mission :
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bc_mpo_fcp_00023_20181020_20251102_v01 2018-Oct-20 02:14 2025-Nov-02 08:30
v=10.668674 km/s and distance 7 835.42 km
result
C3=12.055 km2/s2
v_inf = 3.472 km/s
Artist's rendition of BepiColombo's MPO and MMO spacecraft in their respective Mercury orbits (image credit: ESA, C. Carreau)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BepiColombo
https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/b/bepicolombo
https://slideplayer.com/slide/3362259/
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